Can You Get Health Insurance Without a Social Security Number

Nine-digit number issued to U.South. citizens and permanent residents

In the Usa, a Social Security number (SSN) is a ix-digit number issued to U.S. citizens, permanent residents, and temporary (working) residents nether department 205(c)(ii) of the Social Security Act, codified as 42 U.Due south.C. § 405(c)(2). The number is issued to an individual past the Social Security Administration, an independent agency of the United States government. Although the original purpose for the number was for the Social Security Assistants to rail individuals,^[i] the Social Security number has become a de facto national identification number for taxation and other purposes.^[2]

A Social Security number may be obtained by applying on Form SS-5, Application for a Social Security Number Card.^[iii]

History [edit]

Social Security numbers were first issued by the Social Security Assistants in November 1935 every bit part of the New Deal Social Security program. Within iii months, 25 million numbers were issued.^[4]

On November 24, 1936, 1,074 of the nation's 45,000 postal service offices were designated "typing centers" to blazon up Social Security cards that were then sent to Washington, D.C. On December ane, 1936, as part of the publicity campaign for the new plan, Joseph L. Fay of the Social Security Assistants selected a tape from the meridian of the kickoff stack of one,000 records and appear that the first Social Security number in history was assigned to John David Sweeney, Jr., of New Rochelle, New York. However, since the Social Security numbers were not assigned in chronological order, Sweeney did not receive the lowest Social Security number, 001-01-0001. That distinction belongs to Grace D. Owen of Hold, New Hampshire.^{[5] [half dozen]}

Before 1986, people ofttimes did not obtain a Social Security number until the age of about 14,^[7] since the numbers were used for income tracking purposes, and those under that age seldom had substantial income.^[8] The Taxation Reform Deed of 1986 required parents to listing Social Security numbers for each dependent over the age of 5 for whom the parent wanted to claim a tax deduction.^[9] Before this human activity, parents claiming taxation deductions were just trusted not to lie about the number of children they supported. During the first year of the Revenue enhancement Reform Human action, this anti-fraud alter resulted in seven million fewer minor dependents beingness claimed. The disappearance of these dependents is believed to have involved either children who never existed or tax deductions improperly claimed by not-custodial parents.^[10] In 1988, the threshold was lowered to two years old, and in 1990, the threshold was lowered even so again to one twelvemonth old.^[eleven] Today, an SSN is required regardless of the kid's historic period to receive an exemption.^{[ citation needed ]} Since and so, parents have often applied for Social Security numbers for their children soon later on birth; today, it can be washed on the application for a nascence document.^[12]

Purpose and employ [edit]

The original purpose of this number was to rails individuals' accounts inside the Social Security program. It has since come to be used as an identifier for individuals within the United states of america, although rare errors occur where duplicates do exist. A few duplications did occur when prenumbered cards were sent out to regional SSA offices and (originally) post offices.

Employee, patient, student, and credit records are sometimes indexed by Social Security number.

The U.S. Armed Forces have used the Social Security number as an identification number for Army and Air Forcefulness personnel since July 1, 1969, the Navy and Marine Corps for their personnel since January 1, 1972, and the Coast Guard for their personnel since October 1, 1974.^[13] Previously, the United States military used a much more complicated system of service numbers that varied by service.

Beginning in June 2011, the DOD began removing the Social Security number from military identification cards, replacing them with a unique DOD identification number, formally known as the EDIPI.^[xiv]

Not-universal status [edit]

An old Social Security card with the "not for identification" message

Social Security was originally a universal revenue enhancement, but when Medicare was passed in 1965, objecting religious groups in being prior to 1951 were immune to opt out of the arrangement.^[15] Considering of this, not every American is office of the Social Security programme, and non everyone has a number. Nevertheless, a Social Security number is required for parents to claim their children as dependents for federal income tax purposes,^[12] and the Internal Acquirement Service requires all corporations to obtain SSNs (or alternative identifying numbers) from their employees, as described below. The Quondam Guild Amish have fought to prevent universal Social Security by overturning rules such every bit a requirement to provide a Social Security number for a hunting license.^[16]

Social Security cards printed from Jan 1946 until Jan 1972 expressly stated that people should non use the number and carte du jour for identification.^[17] Since nearly everyone in the United States at present has an SSN, it became convenient to use it anyway and the bulletin was removed.^[xviii]

Since then, Social Security numbers take become de facto national identification numbers.^[2] Although some people practise not have an SSN assigned to them, information technology is becoming increasingly difficult to engage in legitimate financial activities such as applying for a loan or a banking concern account without ane.^[19] While the government cannot require an individual to disclose their SSN without a legal basis, companies may decline to provide service to an individual who does non provide an SSN.^{[20] [21]} The card on which an SSN is issued is still non suitable for primary identification every bit it has no photograph, no physical description, and no birth date. All information technology does is confirm that a particular number has been issued to a particular name. Instead, a driver'due south license or state ID card is used as an identification for adults.

Utilize required for federal tax purposes [edit]

Social Security card with legend "for Social Security and tax purposes" (1961)

Internal Acquirement Code section 6109(d) provides: "The social security account number issued to an individual for purposes of section 205(c)(2)(A) of the Social Security Human action [codified as 42 U.s.a.C. § 405(c)(2)(A)] shall, except every bit shall otherwise exist specified under regulations of the Secretary [of the Treasury or his delegate], be used as the identifying number for such individual for purposes of this championship [the Internal Revenue Code, title 26 of the Usa Lawmaking]."^[22]

The Internal Revenue Code also provides, when required past regulations prescribed by the secretary of the treasury or their delegate:

• Inclusion in returns: Any person required nether the authority of this title to make a return, statement, or other certificate shall include in such render, statement, or other document such identifying number as may be prescribed for securing proper identification of such person.
• Furnishing number to other persons: Any person with respect to whom a return, statement, or other document is required under the authority of this title to be made by another person or whose identifying number is required to be shown on a return of another person shall replenish to such other person such identifying number as may exist prescribed for securing their proper identification.^[23]

Co-ordinate to U.S. Treasury regulations, whatever person who, after October 31, 1962, works as an employee for wages field of study to Social Security taxes, Medicare taxes, or U.S. federal income tax withholdings is required to apply for "an account number" using Form SS-5.^[24]

A taxpayer who is not eligible to have a Social Security number must obtain an culling Taxpayer Identification Number.

[edit]

4 different classifications of Social Security cards are issued. Such cards are issued by geographic location (SSN Area Number) to:

1. persons of natural nascency within the territorial boundaries of any ane of the fellow member States of the United States of America;
2. persons who become U.S. citizens by oath, or birth within the exclusive legislative or territorial jurisdiction of the U.S. regime;
3. persons who become U.S. permanent residents;
4. persons with certain restrictions.

In that location are two restricted types of Social Security cards:

• One reads "not valid for employment." Such cards cannot be used as proof of piece of work potency, and are not acceptable as a List C document on the I-9 form.
• The other reads "valid for piece of work simply with DHS authorization", or the older, "valid for work only with INS authorization." These cards are issued to people who have temporary work authorization in the U.S from the Section of Homeland Security -- the nation's edge bureau. They tin can satisfy the I-9 requirement, if they are accompanied by a work authorisation card.

The cards commonly display the cardholder'southward name and number.

In 2004 Congress passed The Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act; parts of which mandated that the Social Security Assistants redesign the SSN card to forestall forgery. From April 2006 through August 2007, the SSA and Government Printing Role (GPO) employees were assigned to redesign the Social Security number card to the specifications of the Interagency Task Strength created by the commissioner of Social Security in consultation with the secretary of Homeland Security.

The new SSN carte pattern utilizes both covert and overt security features created by the SSA and GPO design teams.

Identity theft [edit]

Many citizens and privacy advocates are concerned virtually the disclosure and processing of Social Security numbers. Furthermore, researchers at Carnegie Mellon Academy take demonstrated an algorithm that uses publicly bachelor personal data to reconstruct a given SSN.^[25]

The SSN is frequently used past those involved in identity theft. This is because it is interconnected with many other forms of identification and people asking for information technology treat it every bit an authenticator. Financial institutions more often than not require an SSN to set up bank accounts, credit cards, and loans—partly considering they assume that no one except the person it was issued to knows information technology.

Exacerbating the problem of using the Social Security number as an identifier is the fact that the Social Security card contains no biometric identifiers of any sort, making it substantially impossible to tell whether a person using a certain SSN truly belongs to someone without relying on other documentation (which may itself have been falsely procured through apply of the fraudulent SSN). Congress has proposed federal laws that restrict the use of SSNs for identification and bans their use for a number of commercial purposes—e.thousand., rental applications.^[26]

The Internal Acquirement Service (IRS) offers alternatives to SSNs in some places where providing untrusted parties with identification numbers is essential. Revenue enhancement render preparers must obtain and apply a Preparer Tax Identification Number (PTIN) to include on their client's revenue enhancement returns (as office of signature requirements).^[27] Day intendance services have tax benefits, and even a sole proprietor should give parents an EIN (employer identification number) to use on their tax return.

The Social Security Administration has suggested that, if asked to provide their Social Security number, a citizen should ask which police force requires its utilize.^[28] In accordance with §7213 of the 9/11 Commission Implementation Act of 2004 and 20 CFR 422.103, the number of replacement Social Security cards per person is more often than not limited to iii per calendar year and ten in a lifetime.^[28]

Identity confusion has as well occurred because of the use of local Social Security numbers by the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall islands, and the Republic of Palau, whose numbers overlap with those of residents of New Hampshire and Maine.^[29]

Similarly, Social Security numbers are often valued information for hackers to gain in attacks such equally social applied science attacks, where attackers try and manipulate people into disclosing private information. For example, in the social engineering attack involving Hewlett-Packard, executives hired private investigators to dispense phone companies into disclosing calling data and social security numbers of employees they suspected were leaking information to the press.

Replacement numbers [edit]

A person can request a new Social Security number, just only under certain atmospheric condition:^[30]

• Where sequential numbers assigned to members of the same family unit are causing problems.
• In the upshot of duplicates having been issued.
• In cases where the person has been a victim of domestic violence or harassment, and there is a clear need to change their number for their personal condom.^[31]
• When a person has been a victim of identity theft, and his/her Social Security number continues to exist problematic.
• Where a person has a demonstrable religious objection to a number (such as certain Christians being balky to the number 666).

For all of these weather, credible third-party testify such equally a restraining order or police report is required.

Structure [edit]

The Social Security number is a 9-digit number in the format "AAA-GG-SSSS".^[32] The number is divided into 3 parts: the first three digits, known as the area number because they were formerly assigned by geographical region; the middle 2 digits, known equally the group number; and the final four digits, known equally the serial number.

On June 25, 2011, the SSA changed the SSN assignment process to "SSN randomization".^[33] SSN randomization afflicted the SSN assignment process in the following ways:

• It eliminated the geographical significance of the showtime three digits of the SSN, referred to every bit the expanse number, by no longer allocating specific numbers by land for assignment to individuals.
• Information technology eliminated the significance of the highest group number assigned for each area number, and, as a result, the Loftier Group List is frozen in time and can be used for validation of simply those SSNs issued prior to the randomization implementation date.
• Previously unassigned area numbers take been introduced for assignment, excluding surface area numbers 000, 666 and 900–999.

Because Individual Taxpayer Identification Numbers (ITINs) are issued by the IRS, they were non afflicted by this SSA change.

Historical structure [edit]

Prior to the 2011 randomization procedure, the offset three digits or area numbers were assigned by geographical region. Prior to 1973, cards were issued in local Social Security offices around the country and the expanse number represented the role code where the card was issued. This did not necessarily have to exist in the area where the applicant lived, since a person could utilize for their menu in any Social Security role. Beginning in 1973, when the SSA began assigning SSNs and issuing cards centrally from Baltimore, the area number was assigned based on the ZIP Code in the mailing accost provided on the application for the original Social Security card. The applicant'south mailing address did non have to be the same as their place of residence. Thus, the expanse number did not necessarily represent the land of residence of the bidder regardless of whether the card was issued prior to, or after, 1973.

Generally, numbers were assigned beginning in the northeast and moving s and west, so that people applying from addresses on the due east declension had the everyman numbers and those on the west coast had the highest numbers. As the areas assigned to a locality were exhausted, new areas from the pool were assigned, so some states had noncontiguous groups of numbers.

The middle two digits or grouping number range from 01 to 99. Fifty-fifty before SSN randomization, the group numbers were not assigned consecutively within an surface area. Instead, for administrative reasons, group numbers were issued in the following order:^[34]

1. odd numbers from 01 through 09
2. even numbers from ten through 98
3. fifty-fifty numbers from 02 through 08
4. odd numbers from 11 through 99

Equally an example, group number 98 would be issued before 11.

The last 4 digits, which are series numbers, "are the most important to protect" and they can "open credit in your name, steal your coin" and more.^[35] Earlier SSN randomization took effect, they represented a direct numerical sequence of digits from 0001 to 9999 inside the group.

Valid SSNs [edit]

Prior to June 25, 2011, a valid SSN could not accept an area number between 734 and 749, or higher up 772, the highest area number the Social Security Administration had allocated. Effective June 25, 2011, the SSA assigns SSNs randomly and allows for the consignment of area numbers between 734 and 749 and higher up 772 through the 800s.^[36] This should non exist confused with Taxation Identification Numbers (TINs), which include additional area numbers.^[37]

Some special numbers are never allocated:

• Numbers with all zeros in any digit group (000-##-####, ###-00-####, ###-##-0000).^{[38] [39]}
• Numbers with 666 or 900–999 (Private Taxpayer Identification Number) in the first digit grouping.^[38]

Until 2011, the SSA published the final grouping number used for each surface area number.^[40] Since group numbers were allocated in a regular pattern, it was possible to identify an unissued SSN that contained an invalid group number. Now numbers are assigned randomly, and fraudulent SSNs are not easily detectable with publicly available data. Many online services, withal, provide SSN validation.

Unlike many like numbers, no check digit is included.

Exhaustion and re-use [edit]

The Social Security Assistants does not reuse Social Security numbers. Information technology has issued over 450 million since the outset of the program, and at a use charge per unit of nearly 5.v million per twelvemonth. It says information technology has enough to last several generations without reuse or changing the number of digits.^[41] Withal, there have been instances where multiple individuals accept been inadvertently assigned the same Social Security number.^[42]

SSNs used in advertising [edit]

Some SSNs used in advertising accept rendered those numbers invalid. One famous example of this occurred in 1938 when the E. H. Ferree Company in Lockport, New York, decided to promote its product by showing how a Social Security carte du jour would fit into its wallets. A sample card, used for display purposes, was placed in each wallet, which was sold by Woolworth and other department stores across the land; the wallet manufacturer'southward vice president and treasurer Douglas Patterson used the actual SSN of his secretarial assistant, Hilda Schrader Whitcher.

Fifty-fifty though the carte was printed in red (the existent carte is printed in blue) and had "specimen" printed across the front, many people used Whitcher's SSN as their own. The Social Security Administration'due south account of the incident too claims that the fake menu was half the size of a real card, despite a miniature card being useless for its purpose and despite Whitcher's holding two cards of manifestly identical size in the accompanying photograph. Over time, the number that appeared (078-05-1120) has been claimed past a total of over twoscore,000 people as their ain.^[43] The SSA initiated an advert campaign stating that information technology was incorrect to utilize the number (Hilda Whitcher was issued a new SSN). However, the number was establish to be in use by 12 individuals as belatedly as 1977.^[43]

More recently, Todd Davis distributed his SSN in advertisements for his company's LifeLock identity theft protection service, which allowed his identity to be stolen over a dozen times.^{[44] [45]}

[edit]

Listing showing the geographical location of the first 3 digits of the Social Security numbers assigned in the United States and its territories from 1973 until June 25, 2011. Repeated numbers indicate that they take been transferred to another location or they're shared by more than than one location.

On June 25, 2011, the SSA changed the SSN assignment process to "SSN randomization".^[46] SSN randomization affects the SSN consignment process. Amidst its changes, it eliminates the geographical significance of the starting time iii digits of the SSN, previously referred to as the Area Number, by no longer allocating the Area Numbers for assignment to individuals in specific states.

SSN area number	Location[47]
001–003	New Hampshire
004–007	Maine
008–009	Vermont
010–034	Massachusetts
035–039	Rhode Isle
040–049	Connecticut
050–134	New York
135–158	New Jersey
159–211	Pennsylvania
212–220	Maryland
221–222	Delaware
223–231	Virginia
232–236	West Virginia
232, 237–246	North Carolina
247–251	South Carolina
252–260	Georgia
261–267	Florida
268–302	Ohio
303–317	Indiana
318–361	Illinois
362–386	Michigan
387–399	Wisconsin
400–407	Kentucky
408–415	Tennessee
416–424	Alabama
425–428	Mississippi
429–432	Arkansas
433–439	Louisiana
440–448	Oklahoma
449–467	Texas
468–477	Minnesota
478–485	Iowa
486–500	Missouri
501–502	N Dakota
503–504	Southward Dakota
505–508	Nebraska
509–515	Kansas
516–517	Montana
518–519	Idaho
520	Wyoming
521–524	Colorado
525, 585	New United mexican states
526–527	Arizona
528–529	Utah
530, 680	Nevada
531–539	Washington
540–544	Oregon
545–573	California
574	Alaska
575–576	Hawaii
577–579	District of Columbia
580	U.Southward. Virgin Islands
580–584	Puerto Rico
586	Pacific Ocean territories Guam American Samoa Philippine Islands (nether U.Southward. rule until 1946) Northern Mariana Islands
587–665	California (Southern California and the Primal Valley) & Usa Armed forces Bases Worldwide
667–679	Not issued
681–699	Not issued
700–728	Railroad Retirement Board (discontinued July 1, 1963)
729–730	Enumeration at entry
750-751	Hawaii
752-755	Mississippi
756-763	Tennessee
764-765	Arizona
766-772	Florida

See also [edit]

• Death Master File
• National identification number
• Personally identifiable data

References [edit]

1. ^ Pickett, Carolyn (2009). "The Story of the Social Security Number". Social Security Bulletin. Vol. 69, no. ii. U.s. Social Security Administration. Retrieved October nineteen, 2018.
2. ^ ^{a b} Kouri, Jim (March 9, 2005). "Social Security Cards: De Facto National Identification". American Chronicle. Archived from the original on June 29, 2012. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
3. ^ 20 CFR 422.103(b)
4. ^ "Social Security: Chronology". United States Social Security Administration. Retrieved Oct 19, 2018.
5. ^ "The "Showtime" Social Security Number; The Lowest Number". Social Security History. United States Social Security Administration. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
6. ^ "First Bidder on Pension List". Ogden Standard Examiner. Ogden, Utah. December 2, 1936. p. 8. Retrieved October xix, 2018.
7. ^ Long, Wayne S. (Spring 1993). "Social Security Numbers Issued: A 20-Yr Review" (PDF). Social Security Journal. 56 (i): 82. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
8. ^ Goldberg, Jack (Oct 17, 1993). "A strategy for assembling samples of adult twin pairs in the Usa". Statistics in Medicine. 12 (18): 1693–1702. doi:10.1002/sim.4780121805. PMID 8248662. Retrieved Oct xix, 2018.
9. ^ "Tax Reform Human action of 1986". Social Security History. U.s. Social Security Administration. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
10. ^ Liebman, Jeffrey B. (December 2000). "Who Are the Ineligible EITC Recipients?" (PDF). National Tax Journal. 53 (iv): 1165–1186. doi:10.17310/ntj.2000.4S1.06. JSTOR 41789513. S2CID 35405024.
11. ^ "Social Security Number Chronology". Social Security Administration. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
12. ^ ^{a b} "Social Security Numbers For Children". Social Security Administration. December 2017. Retrieved Oct xix, 2018.
13. ^ "Service Numbers and Social Security Numbers". National Archives. 2016-08-15. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
14. ^ Garamone, Jim (April 4, 2011). "DOD removes SSAN from ID cards". U.S. Army . Retrieved Oct 19, 2018.
15. ^ ""Pay Unto Caesar": The Amish & Social Security". AmishNews.com. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
16. ^ "Amish reject giving Social Security numbers to get licenses". The Chippewa Herald. August 30, 1999. Retrieved October xix, 2018.
17. ^ "Version History". Social Security History. United States Social Security Administration. Archived from the original on June 29, 2012. Retrieved October nineteen, 2018.
18. ^ Pear, Robert (July 26, 1998). "The Nation; Not for Identification Purposes (Only Kidding)". The New York Times . Retrieved October 19, 2018.
19. ^ "Social Security Number Not Required". Scribd.com. April 29, 2008. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
20. ^ Mullen, Charles H. (March eighteen, 1998). "Letter to Mr. Scott McDonald". Role of Public Enquiries, Social Security Assistants. Retrieved Oct 19, 2018.
21. ^ "Tin can I refuse to requite my Social Security number to a private business concern?". Frequently Asked Questions. United States Social Security Administration. May 18, 2018. Retrieved October xix, 2018.
22. ^ 26 U.Southward.C. § 6109(d)
23. ^ 26 UsaC. § 6109(a)
24. ^ 26 C.F.R. sec. 31.6011(b)-ii(a)(ane)(ii)
25. ^ Timmer, John (July 17, 2009). "New algorithm guesses SSNs using date and identify of nativity". Ars Technica. Retrieved Oct nineteen, 2018.
26. ^ Broache, Anne. "Congress may slap restrictions on SSN use - CNET News". News.cnet.com. Archived from the original on 2012-07-11. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
27. ^ "PTIN Requirements for Revenue enhancement Return Preparers | Internal Revenue Service". world wide web.irs.gov . Retrieved 2021-02-20 .
28. ^ ^{a b} "Your Social Security Number And Card, "How tin can I protect my Social Security number?"". Social Security Administration. Retrieved Oct nineteen, 2018.
29. ^ Meyer, Pecker (August 17, 2009). "How many Americans' Social Security numbers were officially duplicated for Pacific islanders?". The Plain Dealer. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
30. ^ "Tin I change my Social Security number?". Social Security Administration . Retrieved October 19, 2018.
31. ^ "New Numbers for Domestic Violence Victims" (PDF). Social Security Administration . Retrieved Oct 19, 2018.
32. ^
33. ^ "Social Security Number Randomization". Socialsecurity.gov. Retrieved October xix, 2018.
34. ^ "The SSN Numbering Scheme". SocialSecurity.gov. Retrieved October xix, 2018.
35. ^ "Did y'all know…? The concluding four digits of your Social Security ..."
36. ^ "Social Security Number Allocations". Social Security Administration. Retrieved Oct xix, 2018.
37. ^ "Taxpayer Identification Numbers (Can)". Internal Acquirement Service. May ii, 2018. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
38. ^ ^{a b} "Social Security Number Randomization". Social Security Administration. Retrieved Oct 19, 2018.
39. ^ "RM 10201.035 Invalid Social Security Numbers (SSNs)". Program Operations Manual System (POMS). United states of america Social Security Administration. June 23, 2011. Retrieved October xix, 2018.
40. ^ "High Group List And Other Means To Determine If An SSN Is Valid". Social Security Administration. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
41. ^ "Q20: Are Social Security numbers reused subsequently a person dies?". United states of america Social Security Administration. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
42. ^ Noyes, Katherine (November 12, 2015). "A tale of two women: same altogether, aforementioned Social Security number, aforementioned big-data mess". PC World. Retrieved Oct nineteen, 2018.
43. ^ ^{a b} "Social Security Cards Issued by Woolworth". Social Security Administration. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
44. ^ Zetter, Kim (May xviii, 2010). "LifeLock CEO's Identity Stolen 13 Times". Wired . Retrieved October 19, 2018.
45. ^ Vijayan, Jaikumar (May xix, 2010). "LifeLock CEO said to be victim of identity theft 13 times". ComputerWorld . Retrieved October 19, 2018.
46. ^ "Social Security Number Randomization". SocialSecurity.gov. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
47. ^ "Social Security Number Allocations". www.ssa.gov . Retrieved Oct 19, 2018.

External links [edit]

• Social Security Administration
• United States Social Security Expiry Index—Database list over 85 million SSNs, all of which entered the public domain upon the expiry of their owners
• "Woolworth SSN Bill of fare"—"The background of the most misused Social Security number in history" at Snopes
• Social Security Cards Issued by Woolworth: "The most misused SSN of all fourth dimension was (078-05-1120)."
• Consummate list of area number groups from the Social Security Administration
• Social Security Assistants's FAQ for Social Security Numbers
• Social Security menu awarding
• Hearing on Removing Social Security Numbers from Medicare Cards—Joint Hearing before the Subcommittee on Social Security and Subcommittee on Wellness of the Committee on Ways and Means, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, Second Session, August i, 2012
• How to Replace a Lost or Stolen Security Card
• Puckett, Carolyn (2009). "The Story of the Social Security Number". Social Security Bulletin. 69 (2): 55–74. PMID 19697506. Retrieved Oct 19, 2018. (PDF version)

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_Security_number

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